2020年全國研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試（英語二）試題及答案解析（4）

2020年研究生聯(lián)考（英語二）考試已經(jīng)結(jié)束，為了讓大家及時(shí)了解考試情況，本文由中國在職研究生招生信息網(wǎng)為大家整理了2020年一月聯(lián)考（英語二）試題及答案以供大家核對。

Part B

Directions:

Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraphs (41 -45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

[A]Give compliments, just not too many.

[B] Put on a good face, always.

[C] Tailor your interactions.

[D] Spend time with everyone.

[E] Reveal, don' t hide, information.

[F] Slow down and listen.

[G] Put yourselves in others' shoes.

Five Ways to Win Over Everyone in the Office

   Is it possible to like everyone in your office? Think about how tough it is to get together 15 people, much less 50, who all get along perfectly. But unlike in friendships, you need coworkers. You work with them every day and you depend on them just as they depend on you. Here are some ways that you can get the whole office on your side

   41.____

   If you have a bone to pick with someone in your workplace, you may try stay tight-lipped around them. But you won't be helping either one of you. A Harvard Business School study found that observers consistently rated those who were frank about themselves more highly, while those who hid lost trustworthiness. The lesson is not that you should make your personal life an open book, but rather, when given the option to offer up details about yourself or painstakingly conceal them, you should just be honest.

   42._____

   Just as important as being honest about yourself is being receptive to others. We often feel the need to tell others how we feel, whether it's a concern about a project, a stray thought, or a compliment. Those are all valid, but you need to take time to hear out your coworkers, too. In fact, rushing to get your own ideas out there can cause colleagues to feel you don't value their opinions. Do your best to engage coworkers in a genuine, back- and-forth conversation, rather than prioritizing your own thoughts.

   43._____

   It's common to have a“cubicle mate" or special confidant in a work setting. But in addition to those trusted coworkers, you should expand your horizons and find out about all the people around you. Use your lunch and coffee breaks to meet up with colleagues you don't always see. Find out about their lives and interests beyond the job. It requires minimal effort and goes a long way. This will help to gTow your internal network, in addition to being a nice break in the work day.

44._____

 Positive feedback is important for anyone to hear. And you don't have to be someone's boss to tell them they did an exceptional job on a particular project. This will help engender good will in others. But don't overdo it or be fake about it. One study found that people responded best to comments that shifted from negative to positive, possibly because it suggested they had won somebody over.

   45.______

   This one may be a bit more difficult to pull off, but it can go a long way to achieving results. Remember in dealing with any coworker what they appreciate from an interaction. Watch out for how they verbalize with others. Some people like small talk in a meeting before digging into important matters, while other are more straightforward. Jokes that work one person won't necessarily land with another, So, adapt your style accordingly to type. Consider the person that you re dealing with in advance and what will get you to your desired outcome.

41. 答案是E  Reveal, don’t hide, information

解析：根據(jù)段落轉(zhuǎn)折句，“你這樣做對誰都沒有好處?！彼越酉聛砭褪亲髡叩挠^點(diǎn)。他說一個研究發(fā)現(xiàn)觀察者們一直對那些和他們坦誠的人評價(jià)很高，而對那些有所隱藏的失去信任。所以就是要真實(shí)，不要隱藏信息。

42. 答案是F  Slow down and listen

解析：根據(jù)段落中心句: In fact, rishing to get your own ideas out there can cause colleagues to feel you don’t value their opinions. 意思是實(shí)際上，急著表達(dá)你的觀點(diǎn)可能會讓同事們覺得你沒有重視他們的觀點(diǎn)。因此就是聽取別人的觀點(diǎn)。

43. 答案是D  Spend time with everyone

解析：根據(jù)段落轉(zhuǎn)折句，“除了那些你信任的同事，你還應(yīng)該擴(kuò)大你的圈子，并且尋找所有你身邊的人。因此就是要和每個人在一起。

44. 答案是A  Give compliments, just not too many

解析：根據(jù)段落轉(zhuǎn)折句，“但是不要過度去做或者做假。應(yīng)該做的內(nèi)容就在下句，“一個研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們對于從負(fù)面到正面的評價(jià)反應(yīng)最好，也許因?yàn)檫@個評價(jià)表明他們有比其他人做得好。因此這就是要稱贊，但是不能太多。

45. 答案是C  Tailor your interactions

解析：根據(jù)段落中心句，最后一句：So, adapt your style accordingly to type. 意思是要相應(yīng)地把你的風(fēng)格適合于不同的類型。也就是因人而異的意思。

Section III   Translation

It's almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure. People who do so probably live so cautiously that they go nowhere. Put simply, they’re not real living at all. But, the wonderful thing about failure is that it's entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.

We can choose to see failure as"the end of the world, "or as proof of just how inadequate we are. Or, we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is. Every time we fail at something, we can choose to look for the lesson we're meant to learn. These lessons are very important; they're how we grow, and how we keep from making that same mistake again. Failures stop us only if we let them. Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise.

For instance, failure can help you discover how strong a person you are. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends, or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.

參考譯文：

人的一生幾乎不可能不經(jīng)歷某種失敗。但是，失敗的妙處就在于，完全由我們來決定如何看待它。

我們可以選擇將失敗看作是“世界末日”。或者像以往一樣，把它看作令人難以置信的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷。每當(dāng)我們在某件事上失敗時(shí)，我們會選擇尋找應(yīng)學(xué)習(xí)的教訓(xùn)。這些教訓(xùn)非常重要；他們教會我們?nèi)绾纬砷L，如何避免再次犯相同的錯誤。如果失敗阻止我們前進(jìn)，那么唯一的條件就是我們允許它的發(fā)生。

失敗還可以教會我們認(rèn)識自己，那是我們在別處永遠(yuǎn)無法學(xué)習(xí)到的。例如，失敗可以幫助你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的能力。失敗可以幫助你發(fā)現(xiàn)最真實(shí)的朋友，或者幫助你找到預(yù)料之外的成功動力。

【解析】

一、總述

考題文章來自于知名網(wǎng)站Mind Tools上一篇名為“Overcoming Fear of Failure：Facing Your Fear of Moving Forward”一文。文章略有刪減，總詞數(shù)151詞，共3段，10句話。題目難度適中，題材常規(guī)，符合英語二翻譯歷年的考題規(guī)律。相似題材的文章曾經(jīng)考過，如2010年“承受力”這篇文章?？碱}貼近生活，總體難度較低，考生可從容應(yīng)對，個別語句較為抽象，略有難度，下面進(jìn)行解析。

二、難句剖析

1.【原文】But, the wonderful thing about failure is that it's entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.

【分析】本句話易于簡單，由主句加上that引導(dǎo)的表語從句構(gòu)成，表語從句中嵌套這how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。其中，the wonderful thing about failure 可以理解為“失敗的妙處”，be up to sb.表示“取決于某人”；it's entirely up to us to decide how to look at it可以理解為“完全由我們來決定如何看待它”，把無靈主語it譯成有靈主語“我們”，更符合漢語習(xí)慣。

【譯文】但是，失敗的妙處就在于，完全由我們來決定如何看待它。

2.【原文】Or, we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is.

【分析】本句話由主句和that引導(dǎo)的定語從句構(gòu)成。其中，look at failure as the learning experience需要注意措辭，incredible是形容詞，最常見的意思是“不能相信的”，但也有“難以置信的、極大的、極好的”之意；結(jié)合語境，翻譯成“難以置信的”較為通順，因此這半句話可理解為“把它看作令人難以置信的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷”，為避免上下文重復(fù)，可將failure譯成代詞“它”。

【譯文】或者像以往一樣，把它看作令人難以置信的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷。

3.【原文】Failures stop us only if we let them.

【分析】本句由主句和only if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語構(gòu)成，only if基本的詞義為“只要……就，只是在……的時(shí)候，只有”的意思，也有“除了”的含義。本句考點(diǎn)之一在于狀語從句翻譯時(shí)需要前置，其二在于選取only if符合語境的詞義。

【譯文】除非我們允許失敗的發(fā)生，否則失敗無法阻止我們前進(jìn)。

 46. Directions:

Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

Section IV    Writing

Part A

47. Directions:

Part B

48. Directions:

Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should

1) interpret the chart, and

2) give your comments.

You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

2019年12月21日下午，考研英語落下帷幕。縱觀英語二試卷，總體來看比較容易。帥波老師給大家解析一下英語二的大作文。本次英語二大作文考查的是餅狀圖，回顧過去英語二10年考試中，5年考查的是柱狀圖，3年考查的是餅狀圖，1年考查得失線形圖，1年考查的是表格?？梢钥闯鲋鶢顖D和餅狀圖考查最頻繁。本次考查的餅狀圖的話題仍然是關(guān)于大學(xué)生的話題?；仡欉^去10年考試中，有3年考查了與大學(xué)生有關(guān)的話題，分別是2013年考查大學(xué)生兼職情況，2016年考查某高校學(xué)生旅游目的調(diào)查，2019年考查某高校本科畢業(yè)生畢業(yè)去向統(tǒng)計(jì)。今年考查的是某高校學(xué)生使用手機(jī)的目的調(diào)查。

本篇英語二大作文的結(jié)構(gòu)要分三段來寫：第一段描述圖表，第二段分析原因，第三段給出結(jié)論、趨勢預(yù)測及建議。第一段描述圖表要觀察全面，不可遺漏有用信息。其中用手機(jī)學(xué)習(xí)的占主要比例，占59.5%，可以用這個句型來寫：…take(s) a lion’s share, accounting for 59.5%，其它用手機(jī)的目的是打發(fā)時(shí)間、瀏覽信息和其它，分別占到20.5%，17%和2%，這三者可以放在一起用一個句子來搞定，……occupy 20.5%, 17% and 2% respectively。

第二段分析原因，主要寫這個現(xiàn)象的原因，尤其是用手機(jī)主要目的的成因?？忌梢詮倪@幾個方面分析原因：第一，隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，人民生活水平提高，幾乎每個家長都會給學(xué)買一部手機(jī)，這一點(diǎn)是前提條件。第二，隨著科技的進(jìn)步，手機(jī)給人們帶來了太多的便利，尤其是在學(xué)習(xí)、交流和查閱資料方面。

第三段寫結(jié)論、趨勢預(yù)測和建議。結(jié)論可以概括一點(diǎn)，大學(xué)生這樣利用手機(jī)很符合年輕人的特點(diǎn)與時(shí)代特征。趨勢預(yù)測大概說明一下未來幾年這邊趨勢會發(fā)生怎樣的變化，一般而言圖表中的現(xiàn)象都可以體現(xiàn)出未來一段時(shí)間會繼續(xù)持續(xù)一段時(shí)間。最后，可以提示年輕人不要沉迷于手機(jī)。

綜上，今年的英語二大作文還是比較容易寫出，具體寫法請看下面的參考范文：

                                              某高校學(xué)生使用手機(jī)閱讀目的

一段：As is apparently demonstrated in the chart above, we are informed some information concerning college students’ reading intentions with mobile phones in a certain university. To be more specific, with the help of cell phones, the proportions of college students’ spending on study take a lion’s share, accounting for up to 59.5%. Then those who would like to spend more time on goofing, browsing information and others occupy approximately 20%, 17% and 2% respectively.

二段： There are diverse components contributing to the above trend, but generally speaking, they may put down to the following two aspects. Initially, there is no doubt that recent years have witnessed the rapid development of economy, and people’s living standards have been improved remarkably, as a result of which, an increasing number of parents are likely to buy their children a smart phone, which may provide possibility for students to apply more advanced equipment into study, to the extent that their learning efficiency and reading horizons would be improved. Simultaneously, along with the development of technology and the advancement of the Internet, a growing quantity of college students’ reading habits have been changed because mobile phones would offer more convenience during their study, which should be taken into account.

三段： Based on the discussion above, a conclusion can be drawn safely that college students’ reading habits adhere to youngsters’ characteristics and comply with the trait of the new era. Given the data above, it is well predicted that this trend as reflected by the pie chart above will continue for a while in the near future. Nevertheless, there are also some potential risks if college students are too addicted to mobile phones; therefore, it is advisable for youngsters to arrange time reasonably during using cell phones.