備戰(zhàn)2012年MBA英譯漢對(duì)比及四步定位翻譯法
來源:在職研究生招生信息網(wǎng) 發(fā)布時(shí)間:2011-10-24 09:41:32
2012年MBA聯(lián)考英語的英譯漢試題形式是,要求考生閱讀一篇約150詞左右的一個(gè)或幾個(gè)英語段落,并在其全部翻譯成漢語,要求考試?yán)斫馑o的英語語言材料,并將指部分譯成漢語的能力,譯文應(yīng)準(zhǔn)確、完整、通順;以下是周志恒老師總結(jié)的英譯漢對(duì)比及四步定位翻譯法:
MBA英譯漢之英漢對(duì)比
一、英語重結(jié)構(gòu),語重語義
Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell-television, and the digital age will have arrived.
兒童將與裝有個(gè)性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍,具有個(gè)性內(nèi)置的計(jì)算機(jī)將被視為l工作伙伴而不是是工具,人們將在氣味電視機(jī)前休閑,到那時(shí)數(shù)字化時(shí)代就來到了。
二、 英語多長(zhǎng)句, 漢語多短句
Interest in historical methods had arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.
人們對(duì)歷史研究方法產(chǎn)生了興趣,這與其說是因?yàn)橥獠繉?duì)歷史作為一門知識(shí)學(xué)科的有效性提出了挑戰(zhàn),還不如說是因?yàn)闅v史學(xué)家內(nèi)部發(fā)生了爭(zhēng)吵。
三、英語多從句,漢語多分句
On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the other with whom he is compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.
總的來說,得出這樣一個(gè)結(jié)論是有一定把握的,但是必須具備兩個(gè)條件:一是能夠假定這個(gè)孩子對(duì)測(cè)試的態(tài)度和與他相比的另一個(gè)孩子的態(tài)度相同;二是他并沒有因缺乏別的孩子已掌握的有關(guān)知識(shí)而被扣分。
四、英語多代詞,漢語多名飼
There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.
屆時(shí),將出現(xiàn)由機(jī)器人主持的電視訪談節(jié)目及裝有污染監(jiān)測(cè)器的汽車,一旦這些汽車污染超標(biāo)(或違規(guī)),監(jiān)測(cè)器就會(huì)使其停駛。
五、英語多被動(dòng),漢語多主動(dòng)
And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.
許多人認(rèn)為,普通人的思維活動(dòng)根本無法與科學(xué)家的思維活動(dòng)相比,并且這些思維活動(dòng)必須經(jīng)過某種專門訓(xùn)練才能掌握。
New sources of energy must be found, and this will take time, but it is not likely to result in any situation that will ever restore that sense of cheap and plentiful energy we have had in the past.
必須找到新的能源,這需要時(shí)間,而過去我們感覺到的那種能源價(jià)廉而充足的情況將不大可能再出現(xiàn)了。
六、英語多抽象,漢語多具體
Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population to the point where the planet can provide comfortable support for all, people will have to accept more “unnatural food”.
【原譯】除非人類有這樣的感覺,把人口減少到這樣的點(diǎn),使地球能為大家提供舒適的支持,否則人們將不得不接受更多的“非自然的食物”。
【具體化】除非人類最終意識(shí)到要把人口減少到這樣的程度---使地球能為所有人提供足夠的飲食,否則人們將不得不接受更多的“人造食品”。
total exhaustion筋疲力盡
far-sightedness遠(yuǎn)見卓識(shí)
careful consideration深思熟慮
perfect harmony水乳交融
feed on fancies畫餅充饑
with great eagerness如饑似渴
lack of perseverance三天打魚,兩天曬網(wǎng)
await with great anxiety望穿秋水
make a little contribution添磚加瓦
on the verge of destruction危在旦夕
七、英語多引串,漢語多推理
This is the surest guarantee that we shall be successful.
這是我們?nèi)〉贸晒ψ羁煽康谋WC。
He made a sure step out of the mud.
他從泥淖中跨出了穩(wěn)健的一步。
She had a sure grasp of the subject.
她對(duì)于這門學(xué)科的知識(shí)掌握得很牢固。
He is very sure in his beliefs.
他的信仰十分堅(jiān)定。
While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.
盡管關(guān)于歷史的定義幾乎和歷史學(xué)家一樣多,現(xiàn)代實(shí)踐最符合這樣一種定義,即把歷史看作是對(duì)過去重大歷史事件的再現(xiàn)和解釋。
八、英語多前重心,漢語多后重心
There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.
方法論究竟是指一般歷史研究中獨(dú)有的概念,還是指歷史研究中適合各個(gè)分支的研究方法,人們對(duì)此還沒有一致意見。
MBA英譯漢四步定位翻譯法
一、結(jié)構(gòu)分析
1. 句子的主干(簡(jiǎn)單句和復(fù)合句)
2. 修飾語(定語、狀語和插入語)
二、句子切分
Financial regulation will have to catch up with the most irresponsible practices / that led banks down this road, / in hopes of averting the next crisis, /which is likely to involve different financial techniques and different sorts of assets. But it is worth examining the root problem of compensation schemes / that are tied to short-term profits and revenues, / and thus encourage bankers to take irresponsible levels of risk.
金融管理規(guī)定必須能應(yīng)對(duì)這種最不負(fù)責(zé)任的并導(dǎo)致銀行損失慘重的做法,以期扭轉(zhuǎn)下—個(gè)危機(jī),而這下一個(gè)危機(jī)很可能包括有各種類型的金融技術(shù)和資產(chǎn)。但值得審視補(bǔ)償金計(jì)劃的根本問題,因?yàn)槟鞘茄矍袄妫珔s讓銀行家們不負(fù)責(zé)任地甘冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
三、詞義推敲
詞義推敲包括把代詞譯成名詞、把被動(dòng)變成主動(dòng)、把變化處理成重復(fù)、把抽象化為具體、把省略掉的東西補(bǔ)充進(jìn)來、把整個(gè)句子試譯出來等方面。
四、檢查核對(duì)
1.代詞翻譯是否到位;
2.名詞翻譯是否正確;
3.動(dòng)詞翻譯是否準(zhǔn)確;
4.修飾語與修飾對(duì)象是否能很好地搭配;
5.從句與主句的邏輯關(guān)系是否出錯(cuò);
6.慣用法是否譯得符合中文習(xí)慣;
7.整個(gè)譯文有無常識(shí)錯(cuò)誤或者邏輯錯(cuò)誤;
8.整個(gè)譯文是否完整;
9.整個(gè)句子是否通順。
翻譯在英語科目中占的分值為15分,考生的英語閱讀能力和漢語表達(dá)能力要靠平時(shí)的培養(yǎng)和提高,周志恒老師說:在準(zhǔn)備考試階段,考生可以做的就是了解一些英譯漢的技巧和方法,然后在這些技巧和方法的指導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行一些翻譯實(shí)踐,使得翻譯水平得到一定程度的提高。